A variable frequency drive (VFD) controls the speed of an AC motor by changing the frequency and voltage it receives. Choosing one is mostly a matter of matching the drive to the motor, the load and the site. Getting any of the three wrong leads to nuisance trips, overheating or a drive that is larger and more expensive than the job needs.
A practical comparison of soft starters and variable frequency drives (VFDs): when each is enough, and how they differ in current control, speed regulation, energy savings and cost.